Kenworth Motors Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Kenworth Motors Managment - Essay Example As per the conversation, Kenworth Motors is makers of shipping and other vehicle items with its shipping fabricating unit as its major and most significant specialty unit. It is the main producer of hard core and medium obligation trucks since 1923 and is overwhelming the market through its enormous system of vendors spread everywhere throughout the nation just as in Canada. This huge system not just offers the last result of the organization yet in addition offer parts and after deals administrations to the customers everywhere throughout the market. The organization has a convention of serving its clients through its huge system and as such the general structure is planned in such a way, that it adequately serve its clients in practically all pieces of the nation. The contextual analysis being referred to gives the understanding into the current issues that are occurring at the shipping unit of the organization at Seattle and shows about the different challenges which the plant sup ervisor is visualizing later on to occur. The fundamental change that has been examined for the situation is multi-dimensional in nature and requires a cautious survey of the issues of the firm so as to endorse any approach activities which must be attempted after issues are sifted through. Further, since any change can't occur without the considering critical changes in the manner HR capacity of the association used to work. The change that is verifiably talked about for this situation study plots the requirement for having a total redoing of the unit’s generally speaking structure so as to make it increasingly sorted out and productive. For this reason, HR along these lines will assume the significant job of offering fundamental help in rolling out this improvement progressively obvious and viable inside the association.

Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Utilization of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: A Journal Article Beatrice St. Surin Liberty University COUN-506 September 23, 2012 Abstract According to the article Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, distributed in the Journal of Psychology and Christianity in 2007, Siang-Yang Tan discussed how petition and sacred text can be consolidated into the act of psychological conduct treatment (CBT).Lately, in the field of CBT, there have been an expanded on an interesting mindfulness with respect to a two-segment model that includes self-guideline of consideration so as to protected on moment information, focuses on current conditions, and actualizes a direction to the acknowledgment of a person’s circumstance. Tan showed that this model of CBT can be joined with petition and scriptural truth to bring long haul advantage to clients.He referenced an investigation by Hayes, Luoma, Bond, Masuda and Lillis (2006) that characterized an old t echnique for conduct treatment that was partitioned into three generational activities and included a steady progress from customary conduct treatment and CBT to an assortment of perspectives and approaches like Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) (Tan, 2007, p. 101). Tan alluded to a self-created scriptural model to this methodology that comprises of a 8-section process. These procedures comprise of underscoring agape love, the need to develop a true and open relationship without hardly lifting a finger the way toward settling with past uncertain issues they additionally help with finding profound importance; by methods for scriptural truth to invigorate conduct change; rely upon the Holy Spirit’s serving; focusing on the fundamental objective and stick to strategies that are scriptural. The conversation of progressing research before produced evident explanations about the benefit of CBT (Tan, 2007, p. 102). Tan likewise tended to the utilization of verifiable and expre ss reconciliation in remedial situations.He pledged that the decision of either an understood or an unequivocal technique ought to be chosen most importantly by the necessities of the customer, and that the Holy Spirit ought to be depended upon for direction (Tan, 200, pp. 102-103). As indicated by the article, Tan notwithstanding, didn't underline to underestimate that all customers will be OK with the incorporation of supplication and sacred writing in the CBT procedure. He expressed that this methodology may not be appropriate with all the more seriously upset or insane customers (Tan, 2007, p. 104).A complete admission meeting will clearly uncover whether the customer is available to this strategy or whether this method is fitting. Tan focused on that this kind of approach is helpful to customers who are encountering sadness, tension and outrage issues, just as those battling with addictions. One strategy, created by Tan in 1992, is a 7-advance internal recuperating supplication . This strategy is a type of correspondence between the Counselor and the customer to focus more on Christ than upon the hurt or youth injury they have experienced.It is great that Tan likewise depicted genuine cooperation among customer and guide (Tan, 2007, p. 105). Tan demonstrated that the fitting and moral utilization of Scripture and petition in CBT can be a critical assistance to Christian’s customers who totally accept the Bible to be the enlivened Word of God and their conclusive expert throughout everyday life (Tan, 2007, p. 108). He likewise communicated how the utilization of Scripture can improve psychological restructuring.Although, this strategy of consolidating petition and sacred writing with CBT seemed, by all accounts, to be an excellent methodology, Tan advised the perusers that there are a few customers who won't acknowledge it, despite the fact that few observational investigations have indicated its advantages. It is obvious to perceive how the creator is tending to a way to deal with treatment that has in the past been ignored by numerous run of the mill experts. The mix of CBT with supplication and sacred text clearly furnishes most customers with tough, upkeep free resolution.Since we are made by God (Genesis 1:27), as I would like to think, it bodes well to go to him when something is broken and need fixing. As Christians, we comprehend that unadulterated truth comes just from the Scriptures and that God alone is truth. At the outset was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God (John 1:1). I trust Christian guides should, in this way, utilize what God has given them in their endeavors to recreate an individual’s thought rocesses. Therefore we as a whole have terrible reasoning now and then and are deprived to reframe the psyche. For example, as indicated by the word, Jesus kicked the bucket for the entirety of our transgressions (John 3:16, 1 John 2: 1-2), yet after we acknowledged Jesus Christ in our l ives, the vast majority of us battled with self-absolution. We can just depend on the Holy Spirit to change our contemplations and uncover reality through the Scriptures to supplant all the untruths and misguided judgments, we defined from old horrible experiences.The information I collected from this article are like what I experienced myself a year ago around this time; at the same time, I would state I thought that it was extremely reassuring that trial considers are starting to exhibit the advantages of consolidating supplication and sacred text into CBT, and that established researchers is starting to pay heed. Subsequent to perusing this article, I was roused to search for more data regarding this matter, and see what others are doing here to help individuals who significantly brokenhearted.It’s recognized that in CBT a specialist with as well as can be expected persuade a customer to reason contrastingly about themselves and to change their perspectives about their his tory. Albeit, after I watched a relative fell into a profound sorrow after she lost of her significant other, showed signs of improvement with Therapy at that point lost it totally when her mom died. It is evident that at a specific time in a client’s life one day, something sensational can occur and all the work achieved can be fixed by another upsetting occasion that can make the customer relapse to the past imperfect thinking.I would state, I really accept until a customer is liberated by the Lord Jesus Christ, the provider of life (Genesis 2:7); they will never be totally free. Application As a Christian who needed to confront my own evil presences throughout everyday life, I could state before July 2011 I never utilized the standards of the internal mending supplication. It was not until I was strike by an uncommon ailment that was annihilating me intellectually and truly, no specialist or master realized what wasn't right with me when some portion of the infection was o bvious truly. All tests ran was generally excellent yet nobody new or could clarify why I was so sick.It wasn’t until a companion of mine took me to his Co-Pastor at another Church, and the minister and his significant other are both expert Christian guides. They utilized that approach for me and I saw it as a successful methodology. In spite of the fact that, I need to state that I really trusted God did a wonder for me because of the way that I was recuperated intellectually, yet in addition truly. I will utilize this technique when I complete my degree and start helping individuals. Besides, I intend to utilize this methodology with references to the Scriptures, as the Lord guides me for every one of my customers who will be available to this method.Even however, at the present time I am filling in as a bookkeeper, my profession doesn't include any advising or helping individuals yet I have a considerable lot of my duty customers, business customers, Church siblings, siste rs and companions with different issues. Many are discouraged, experience the ill effects of sexual orientation disarray, youth injuries and compulsion issues. I accept with the assistance God, this additional training and with help from my better half and youngsters, I will consolidate petition and sacred writing with CBT in my service at my congregation and in my locale. My methodology with my customers will be to consistently start a meeting with prayer.Then a total admission meet, follow with urging the customer to reflect and recover the recollections that have been the most horrendous on the off chance that it is another customer. I will assist the customer with developing a warm and open relationship with me, make he/she has a sense of security and that it is alright to acknowledge reality of what occurred, and perceive the damages and dishonesties partner with the recollections. As the customer re-live the occasions of what occurred before, I will supplicate quietly and call upon the Holy Spirit to take control, to give me insight and uncover reality to me about the memories.I will at that point urge the customer to mention to me what he/she is feeling and perceive from the appropriate responses what book of the Bible can be useful as per the Word of God. I will likewise advise the customer to do an admission supplication to approach God for absolution and help to pardon anybody that was difficult to excuse. This will at that point be trailed by giving the customer some schoolwork that may incorporate a multi day of quick while requesting that God uncover more recollections. I will request that they record whatever else that God uncovers during the quick after the past session.After the customer has gotten truth from the Lord in regards to the agonizing occasion, we will then return to that spot and perceive how the customer feels about the memory and how he/she identifies with the new experience. From that point I will request that the Holy Spirit dir ect me to what to do straightaway. I will support petition, perusing the sacred writings, reflection on the word and anything that comes to pass before the following meeting. I will end the meeting by requesting that the customer ask and express gratitude toward God for uncovering the truth.The utilization of supplication and sacred text in blend with CBT is by all accounts a viable procedure to assist customers with comprehending their troubles. I accept this methodology can be the best medication for a drawn out change and opportunity from recollections who are influencing people’s lives. References Dake Annotated Reference Bible. Tan, S. - Y. (2007). Utilization of supplication and sacred text in psychological social treatment. Diary of Psychology and Christianity, 16(2), p. 101-111.

What Parents Can Do to Help Teens Cope With Anger

What Parents Can Do to Help Teens Cope With Anger Emotions Print How Parents Can Help Troubled Teens Cope With Anger Helping Troubled Teens Understand and Express Angry Feelings By Kathryn Rudlin, LCSW Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 13, 2020 Comstock / Getty Images More in Psychology Emotions Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Sleep and Dreaming Many teens get into trouble because of an inability to appropriately discharge feelings of intense anger. Teens become angry for various reasons and express these feelings in a multitude of ways, but all have in common the struggle of experiencing a painful emotion and not knowing how to manage it. Inappropriate expressions of anger can have serious consequences for troubled teens, but most have the capacity to learn better ways of coping. Heres what parents can do to help. Understand Your Teens Anger Anger is an emotion that is quite often challenging for teens and at times can be overwhelming. A teen who doesnt know how to cope with angry feelings may feel a strong desire to act directly on these feelings, even when it puts them or others at risk. Underneath anger are often difficult emotions, such as hurt, frustration or sadness that a teen tries to avoid or isnt aware they are feeling. When a troubled teen is acting out their anger in problematic ways, it can often be helpful for the teen to get in touch with what is driving this emotion and how to express and discharge it in healthier ways. Why Anger Isnt Really the Problem Feeling angry isnt really the problem for most teens. Although anger can produce significant physical and emotional discomfort, it is an appropriate response to being hurt or feeling frustrated or powerless. Anger is a real and important emotion to experience and be aware of; its the expression of this emotion that becomes a struggle for many troubled teens. Much like a toddler who has a temper tantrum when upset or unhappy, a teen experiencing similar emotions often attempts to deal with anger by discharging it onto other people or objects. Many parents are forced to deal with teens driven by anger who punch holes in the wall, get into fights or are mean to others or themselves. Strategies to Help Teens Safely Express Anger The challenge in helping explosive teens is keeping them safe while they learn ways to recognize anger and deal with it more constructively. There is a great deal that parents can do to help an angry teen learn ways to successfully cope with anger, heres how to help your teen deal with their anger: Participate in physical activities. The impulse to do something physical when feeling angry is strong in most teens. Involvement in sports and other exercise helps in expressing anger on a regular basis.Hit a punching bag. Teens need safe ways to get their anger out, a punching bag works well, so does hitting a pillow repeatedly, or using a foam padded bat.Take a time-out. When anger escalates teens may need time alone to calm down and yell, cry or whatever is needed so they stay safe and others are not negatively impacted.Get into music. Popular with most teens, music works well to help teens identify and express feelings of anger, whether through singing, dancing or playing along with songs filled with rage.Identify triggers to anger. The better your teen can make the connection between what leads to angry outbursts, the more control theyll have in expressing this emotion.Creatively express angry feelings. Both writing and drawing can be used effectively by teens to express and und erstand anger. When a troubled teen still isnt able to get a handle on their anger its time to consider getting professional help to get to the root of their anger and learn ways to manage these feelings. Expressive therapies help teens express anger, anger management groups provide an opportunity for teens to learn from each other, individual therapy provides a safe place to explore this difficult emotion. Keep in mind that uncontrolled anger is sometimes associated with mental health disorders in teens, so make sure to get professional help for your teen if their anger continues to be a problem. The 7 Best Online Anger Management Classes

What Parents Can Do to Help Teens Cope With Anger

What Parents Can Do to Help Teens Cope With Anger Emotions Print How Parents Can Help Troubled Teens Cope With Anger Helping Troubled Teens Understand and Express Angry Feelings By Kathryn Rudlin, LCSW Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 13, 2020 Comstock / Getty Images More in Psychology Emotions Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Sleep and Dreaming Many teens get into trouble because of an inability to appropriately discharge feelings of intense anger. Teens become angry for various reasons and express these feelings in a multitude of ways, but all have in common the struggle of experiencing a painful emotion and not knowing how to manage it. Inappropriate expressions of anger can have serious consequences for troubled teens, but most have the capacity to learn better ways of coping. Heres what parents can do to help. Understand Your Teens Anger Anger is an emotion that is quite often challenging for teens and at times can be overwhelming. A teen who doesnt know how to cope with angry feelings may feel a strong desire to act directly on these feelings, even when it puts them or others at risk. Underneath anger are often difficult emotions, such as hurt, frustration or sadness that a teen tries to avoid or isnt aware they are feeling. When a troubled teen is acting out their anger in problematic ways, it can often be helpful for the teen to get in touch with what is driving this emotion and how to express and discharge it in healthier ways. Why Anger Isnt Really the Problem Feeling angry isnt really the problem for most teens. Although anger can produce significant physical and emotional discomfort, it is an appropriate response to being hurt or feeling frustrated or powerless. Anger is a real and important emotion to experience and be aware of; its the expression of this emotion that becomes a struggle for many troubled teens. Much like a toddler who has a temper tantrum when upset or unhappy, a teen experiencing similar emotions often attempts to deal with anger by discharging it onto other people or objects. Many parents are forced to deal with teens driven by anger who punch holes in the wall, get into fights or are mean to others or themselves. Strategies to Help Teens Safely Express Anger The challenge in helping explosive teens is keeping them safe while they learn ways to recognize anger and deal with it more constructively. There is a great deal that parents can do to help an angry teen learn ways to successfully cope with anger, heres how to help your teen deal with their anger: Participate in physical activities. The impulse to do something physical when feeling angry is strong in most teens. Involvement in sports and other exercise helps in expressing anger on a regular basis.Hit a punching bag. Teens need safe ways to get their anger out, a punching bag works well, so does hitting a pillow repeatedly, or using a foam padded bat.Take a time-out. When anger escalates teens may need time alone to calm down and yell, cry or whatever is needed so they stay safe and others are not negatively impacted.Get into music. Popular with most teens, music works well to help teens identify and express feelings of anger, whether through singing, dancing or playing along with songs filled with rage.Identify triggers to anger. The better your teen can make the connection between what leads to angry outbursts, the more control theyll have in expressing this emotion.Creatively express angry feelings. Both writing and drawing can be used effectively by teens to express and und erstand anger. When a troubled teen still isnt able to get a handle on their anger its time to consider getting professional help to get to the root of their anger and learn ways to manage these feelings. Expressive therapies help teens express anger, anger management groups provide an opportunity for teens to learn from each other, individual therapy provides a safe place to explore this difficult emotion. Keep in mind that uncontrolled anger is sometimes associated with mental health disorders in teens, so make sure to get professional help for your teen if their anger continues to be a problem. The 7 Best Online Anger Management Classes

Jazz A History Essay - 740 Words

Jazz: The History nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The music called Jazz was born sometime around 1895 in New Orleans. It combined elements of Ragtime, marching band music and Blues. What made Jazz such a different perspective of traditional music was its act of improvising. There was a widespread use of improvisation often by more than one player at a time. Songwriters would write the music down on a piece of paper, and then the Jazz musicians would try their best to play the music. Usually in a Jazz piece, musicians would use the song as a starting point to improvise around. Jazz musicians would play a familiar song to the audience, and by the time they were done with the piece they would stir up a totally different feeling away from the†¦show more content†¦The second generations of Jazz musicians were some like Joe â€Å"King† Oliver, Kid Ory, and Jelly Roll Morton. These people formed a small band and started to reshape the way the original Jazz music was played. They have made it into a different style with more complications and twists and turns. And so it became known as â€Å"Hot Jazz†. King Oliver found a young artist by the name of Louis Armstrong. He soon grew to become the greatest Jazz musician anyone has known. He is still a big star in the world today. By the 20th Century, African-American musical styles became the dominant force. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The instruments played during Jazz were the average instruments played today, and nothing dissimilar. There would be about ten instruments in a band such as trumpet, string bass, guitar, piano, drums, saxophone, clarinet, trombone, and oboe. They are not all of the instruments but the basics. But in general, any instrument can become a Jazz instrument as long as it can play to the beat of Jazz. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During the 1920’s which is also known as the â€Å"Roaring Twenties†, Chicago became the focal point for Jazz after clubs around New Orleans were closed. Record deals were being made there and soon Jazz was being acknowledged for the brilliant music it played. Famous musicians who received acclaim for their work in Chicago were Earl Hines, Johnny Dodds, Louis Armstrong, and King Oliver. In New York City, itShow MoreRelatedThe History of Jazz Essay635 Words   |  3 PagesThe History Of Jazz The first jazz was played in the early 20th century. The work chants and folk music of black Americans are among the sources of jazz, which reflects the rhythms and expressions of West African song. Ragtime, an Afro-American music that first appeared in the 1890s, was composed for the piano, and each rag is a composition with several themes. The leading ragtime composer was Scott Joplin. The first improvising jazz musician was the cornetist Buddy Bolden, leader of a band inRead MoreHistory of Jazz Midterm2237 Words   |  9 PagesHistory of Jazz Midterm 1.) 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Effect Of The Sex Industry On Women - 907 Words

â€Å"Sex work.† It sounds harmless enough, attempting to make the sale and purchase of women’s bodies as legitimate as any job. Sex work, we are told, represents a feminist response to the masculine hold on the traditional job market. We are further led to believe that it is empowering, that these women are taking control of their sexuality and using it for their own purposes, turning the tables on the patriarchy. The problem with this mindset, however, is that it is not based in reality. The term â€Å"sex work† is meant to make exploitation of women’s bodies through their commercialization seem natural. For the purposes of this discussion, it should be noted that sex work covers a wide range of different practices. Most notably, it covers prostitution and the sale of sex, but it also extends to the strip club industry and the porn industry, as all three of these feed off of each other and emerge from the same broken system. The effects of the sex indust ry on women, however, differs across racial and class boundaries, especially in prostitution, where women of different ethnic backgrounds are often treated as commodities, to attracts certain consumers’ interests for â€Å"exotic† tastes. Although the exploitation of women through sex work takes different forms for women of different backgrounds, the sex industry as a whole is a fundamentally harmful institution that profits from the commercialization and objectification of women and women’s bodies. The sex industry is primarily engagedShow MoreRelatedThe introduction of new technological advanced innovations and methods during the Market Revolution1700 Words   |  7 Pagesof people, especially women, are deceived and moved from their motherland to work in unfavorable industries with prostitution as the most common jobs for these women. With the incessant growth of the prostitution, the act of participating in promiscuous copulation especially for money, theres an outgoing debate on whether prostitution should be legalized or illegalized. However, people fail to focus on the increasing amount of trafficking and child prostitution aroused by sex tourism. As the worldRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal? Essay1261 Words   |  6 Pagesoppressive to women. This debate has existed since the dawn of time, and there is still no clear answer. Society demands that police should stop certain illicit activities from happening in their neighborhoods, but should law enforcement be made to waste their time and effort to arrest those that may or may not be prostitutes? While some believe legalizing prostitution will only encourage more people to buy sex, making prostitution legal will protect those who work in the sex industry. The earliestRead MoreDiscussing The Legalization Of Prostitution1604 Words   |  7 Pages(Mossman, 2007). 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Nevertheless, this series of events have sparked discussion in the United States over whether or not the country should allow prostitution in all fifty states. The ban against sex work had previously consisted massively on moral and religious mandates for several hundred years. However, in modern times, enough research has been conducted in distinct areas of the country and the industry in order to come to a conclusionRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of The Legalization Of Prostitution993 Words   |  4 PagesENG2D1-06 Mrs. Galati The Negative Effects of the Legalization of Prostitution in Canada Prostitution is an excuse for someone to degrade someone else s body and exploit them. In the alleged business of prostitution, a man usually pays a women in exchange for sex. By legalizing prostitution and taking away the legal barriers, the morals and principles of people are challenged. 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While legalizing prostitution could possibly allow for human trafficking to be monitored more closely, it feeds into the demand. Logically, legalizing sex work will increase the demand. Since it is legal, people who would otherwise refrain from going to a brothel because it is illegal are now much more likely to start frequenting brothels. With sex in demand, it would then increase the amount of women and girls traffickedRead MoreThe Positives Of Decriminalizing Prostitution1283 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution has been considered a criminal act for centuries throughout the world and it is also considered by some to be the world’s oldest profession, dating back to biblical time. The dictionary defines the term, â€Å"The act of having sex in exchange for money: the use of a skill or ability in a way that is not appropriate or respectable† (Merriam-Webster). This act became illegal in America in the early 20th century. Decriminalizing prostitution has its positives and negatives. If prostitution

Negative Effects Of Modernism - 742 Words

INTRODUCTION Postmodernism is an era of intellectual growth that is characterized by the move away from modernism. Postmodernism believes that truth is subject and not absolute. Thomas Oden declares modernism to be the period between the French revolution as marked by the storming of the Bastille in Paris 1789 and the collapse of the Berlin wall 1989. page 696. Postmodern started from 1950-1980.page 697. since many of us are born in a postmodern era the question to ask is how can todays generation reconcile with postmodern culture, what are the things they value the most and how can todays Christians aligned themselves with postmodern ideas even as we are walking with God. To, answer this question we will look at the four types or†¦show more content†¦Delegitimation is another form of postmodernism which in general people agree that there are certain legitimate metanarratives that existed to which all rational person should subscribe especially those of Christian nations. But postmodernism has called these legitimate ideologies into question. for example, the idea that a man must marry one wife till death separates them has been called into question by postmodern views. Advantages -Postmodernism, it encourages open-minded ideas. for example, support for equal rights for minorities. - It also raises important questions about changes in tradition. - create an open mind to mysticism. - It also encourages diversity. - It encourages the creation of community. Disadvantages - Inability to speak to condemn evil. - Post-modernism ignores the truth. - it rejects modernism, religion, and science. - postmodernism has no basic stand because their theory has no foundation. Personal application of postmodernism to my Christian life since postmodernism denies modernism, it is important for one to understand that todays culture encourages mostly postmodern, millennial and centennials ideas. There are two significant things that one need to adopt in applying postmodern ideas to our lives. The first thing one needs to adopt as we walk with Christ is to have an open mind. Since todays culture has an open-minded culture especially in the western world. As Christians we are called to think and act toward this path; For usShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness And The The Mystic Masseur 1544 Words   |  7 Pages In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and V.S. Naipaul’s The Mystic Masseur, the concept of modernism is established through two supporting characters, both of which have only brief physical interactions with our protagonists. Kurtz, from Heart of Darkness, and Mr. Stewart, from The Mystic Masseur, both represent the idea of modernism through both their beliefs and their actions, in a time when modernism was finding its footprints and was viewed differently to those foreign to the movement. 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Dimensions and Antecedents of OCB Literature Analysis

Question: Discuss about the Dimensions and Antecedents of OCB for Literature Analysis. Answer: Introduction As explained by Hakim, et al. (2014, p. 3) organization citizenship behavior was first proposed by Organ in 1998 by listing specific dimensions which include civic virtue, conscientiousness, altruism, courtesy , sportsmanship and. Firms require workers who would be willing to do their work and exceed the predetermined objectives of the organization. OCB is considered essential because it can lead to increased effectiveness of the firm, (Qamar, 2012, p. 105). This report provides the literature review of the dimensions and antecedents of organization citizenship behavior. OCBs are typically individual discretionary activities carried out by employees that are not within their formal job description. They represent the ability of the members of the organization to work efficiently and exceed the described job requirements, (Khurana, et al., 2014, p. 256). There are five dimensions of OCB which have been discussed in this literature review. The Dimensions of OCB This can be explained as the involvement of workers in the enterprise's political life and be supporting in the management roles of the enterprise. It refers to the willingness of workers to take part in the activities of the company such as keeping up with the changes administered by the organizations and going to dispensable meetings of the firm, (Lo Ramayah, 2009, p. 56). This dimension was derived from the findings made by Graham, which stated that workers should have the responsibility of being great citizens of the firm, ( Bukhari, 2008, p. 107). These behaviors therefore accurately reflect the workers recognition of becoming part of the enterprise and accept every responsibility within the organization Civic virtue among the employees enables the organization to obtain effectiveness. This is because the employees will be able to offer the management with several suggestions for improvement. Employees will also be willing to adapt positively to changes within the firm, (Khurana, et al., 2014, p. 257). It is more likely to result in a purposeful contribution to the success of the business among the employees than other dimensions. Conscientiousness is the ability of workers to go beyond the standard requirements of the firm, regarding job performance, obedience to the rules of the business and attendance. The workers who exhibit this type of discretionary behavior would be willing to attend to their duties daily without delay, (DiPaola Tsachannen, 2014, p. 425). Conscientiousness may also mean strict observance of the set rules and regulations within the organization. It is believed that conscientiousness is the mindfulness to be involved in the organization systems. Employees who are fully willing to be part of the operations of the firm, contribute to the team performance and effectiveness as they will be prepared to work correctly, (Jiao et al., 2011, p. 15). Individuals can, therefore, be grouped into lower conscientious, conscientious, more conscientious and high conscientious, (Bergeron-Gadot Beeri, 2012, p. 8). The top conscientious employees are usually more persistent in conducting their duties whether or not there could be an additional benefit or reward. Higher performance is linked to higher conscientiousness, while lower values are connected to lower conscientiousness. Altruism entails discretionary behaviors that are associated with the willingness of a worker to assist a coworker. It can also be referred to as selflessness of a worker towards the success of an enterprise, (Al-zubi, 2011, p. 221). Employees who are willing to help their fellow employees whom they work with are referred to as altruists, (Lee Kim, 2015, p. 154). Employees may be absent from their workplaces due to sickness, stress caused by loss of a relative or other commitments. When such employees are absent, their fellow workers who are willing to take their part for that day are altruists. Altruism, therefore, encompasses being mindful to others, helping workers with heavy workloads, helping new recruits to adjust appropriately in their jobs, and motivating fellow workers in the workplace, (Yadav Punia, 2012, p. 15). Socially developed values that emphasize on elevating organizations values over the individual interests of workers encourage altruism. Altruism, therefore, contributes to organizational effectiveness by promoting cooperation within the business, whereby employees perform their duties in unison. According to Vigoda-Gadot Beeri (2012, p. 578), it is a citizenship behavior geared towards improving the performance of the workers and making the employees understand that the organization's objectives are supreme than personal interests. Human resource management involves recruitment, training, motivation, appraisal and promotion of employees among other duties. In these steps, employees may feel demotivated and demoralized. A good example is a new employee. Some employees find their assignments challenging and difficult to execute, (Yadav Punia, 2012, p. 15). Whenever employees feel discouraged with a particular job, their fellow workers should always encourage them. This is a courtesy. Courtesy, therefore, includes behavior which aims at preventing problems in the firm and taking appropriate steps to lessen the effects of particular challenges in future, ( Bukhari, 2008, p. 109). It also encompasses members of a firm helping fellow workers in their duties, whenever they experience problems. Altruism is tightly attached to performance analysis and positive affectivity, ( Bukhari, 2008, p. 109). Early research has indicated that subordinates who practice courtesy may help in solving conflicts in the organization. In 1988, Organ defined this dimension as the demonstration of tolerance to the irritations that may arise within the organization. In many occasions, employees get irritated by certain conditions, (Jiao et al., 2011, p. 21). These circumstances may include a change in organization strategies, a distraction from colleagues and unfavorable work conditions, (Yadav Punia, 2012, p. 16). These irritations usually form part of every organization setting. Sportsmanship would, therefore, improve the morale of the workers and eliminate the chances of employee turnover as well. Organ identified four personality traits that relate to organization citizenship behavior. These included neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeability, (Lo Ramayah, 2009, p. 48). Personality has a critical positive effect on OCB. This means that employees will execute their roles and exceed the standards laid down by the enterprise, ( Bukhari, 2008, p. 109). When the employees take their work seriously and become accommodative to change, employees can work with motivation. Workers who are collaborative and able to help their co-workers exhibit positive personality, (Bukhari, 2008, p. 109). Emotional stability is also another attribute of character that encourages OCB. The traditional indicators of OCB encompass organizational commitment, job satisfaction, motivation, employee engagement, and the level of trust existing between the employees, the supervisors, and co-workers. Whenever the employees are comfortable in their workplace, they exhibit job satisfaction, (Al-zubi, 2011, p. 221). Job satisfaction ensures the employees are motivated with their job positions and able to work with ease to exceed the set standards, (Bergeron et al., 2013, p. 80). Organizational commitment is also an essential attribute of attitude that encourages OCB. Firms which are fully committed to exceeding the objectives and goals they set usually contribute to effectiveness. Leadership styles encourage OCB. Leadership can be instrumental, transformational or supportive, (DiPaola Tschannen, 2014, p. 442). Instrumental leadership supports role clarity among the employees which in turn makes them more motivated to work, (Qamar, 2012, p. 111). The supervisors should always notify the subordinates the expectations required of them. This enables the workers to perform with a view of meeting the set expectations. Supportive leadership is where the leader is concerned with the affairs of the employees, supporting them to realize the objectives of the firm. It contains some aspects of altruism, (Vigoda-Gadot Beeri, 2012, p. 581). This leadership style revolves around ensuring that the well-being of the workers has appropriately been considered. On the other hand, transformational leadership encourages motivation in the organization. The employees get inspired and supported by the supervisors, (Jiao et al., 2011, p. 23). In this type of leadership, there are alw ays high-performance expectations by the leaders. A group encompasses a collection of employees who are aimed at achieving a common objective within the organization. Groups which are cohesive can improve the organizational effectiveness, (Al-zubi, 2011, p. 160). The team members in such groups will also be willing to remain in the groups. Team members must be supportive of each other, (Qamar, 2012, p. 121). Group potency usually improves group cooperation and generate strength. Whenever an organization is team-oriented, it formulated team-oriented strategies. The effectiveness of the individual teams is, therefore, critical in ensuring. Group traits are therefore important determinants of organization citizenship behavior. Conclusion The antecedents and dimensions of organization citizenship behavior have been satisfactorily discussed in this literature review. Some dimensions of OCB include sportsmanship, courtesy, conscientiousness, civic virtue, and altruism. These aspects contribute to the firms' effectiveness when exhibited by employees in executing their duties. Antecedents of OCB include the attitude of employees, personality, leadership traits and group characteristics. These antecedents encourage OCB making the workers perform beyond the organizations expectations. References. Al-Zubi, H.A., 2011. Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Impacts on Knowledge Sharing: An Empirical Study. International business Research, 4(3), p.221. Bergeron, D.M., Shipp, A.J., Rosen, B. Furst, S.A., 2013. Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Career Outcomes: The Cost of Being a Good Citizen. Journal of Management, 39(4), pp.958-984. Bukhari, Z. u., 2008. Key Antecedents of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the Banking Sector of Pakistan. International Journal of b Business Management, December, 3(12), pp. 106-115. DiPaola, M. Tschannen-Moran, M., 2014. Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Schools and its Relationship to School Climate. Journal of School Leadership, 11(5), pp.424-447. Hakim, W., Nimran, U., Haerani, S. Alam, S., 2014. The Antecedent of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and their Effect on Performance. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-GBM), February, 16(2), pp. 5-13. Jiao, C., Richards, D.A. Zhang, K., 2011. Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: OCB-specific Meanings as Mediators. Journal of Business and Psychology, 26(1), pp.11-25. Khurana, R., Singh, V. K. Khandelwal, S., 2014. Key Antecedents of Organization Citizenship Behavior. The International Journal of Business Management, May, 2(5), pp. 256-263. Lee, U.H. Kim, H.K., 2015. Antecedents of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Leader-member Exchange. Journal of Digital Convergence, 13(1), pp.151-162. Lo, M.-C. Ramayah, T., 2009. Dimensionality of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) in a Multicultural Society. Journal of International Business Research, January, 2(1), pp. 48-55. Qamar, N., 2012. Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Antecedents of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 4(7), pp.103-122. Sharma, J.P., Bajpai, N. Holani, U., 2011. Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Public and Private Sector and its Impact on Job Satisfaction: A Comparative Study in Indian Perspective. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(1), p.67. Vigoda-Gadot, E. Beeri, I., 2012. Change-oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Public Administration: The power of Leadership and the Cost of Organizational Politics. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(3), pp.573-596. Yadav, P. Punia, B.K., 2012. Organisational Citizenship Behavior: A Review of Antecedent, Correlates, Outcomes and Future Research Directions. International Journal of Human Potential Development, 2(2), pp.01-19.

To what extent do you think Shylock deserves the treatment given to him in the trial scene Essay Example

To what extent do you think Shylock deserves the treatment given to him in the trial scene Essay Shylock receives a variety of treatment during Act 4 Scene 1. He receives pity, mercy but most of all he is treated as bad as a dog; a wolf, being viewed as heartless and vicious. Gratiano begins insulting Shylock before Portia enters; at the beginning of the court hearing. He says thou be damned inexecrable dog, hoping Shylock would die for what he is doing. Gratiano tends to express the opinions of other people rather than his own, which shows how hated Shylock is. However, Shylock does receive (what turns out to be) mercy when Portia tell Shylock to be merciful. It is an attribute to God himself, Portia exclaims, showing she has considered how to appeal to Shylock and how she considers him as an equal, talking about their god and not excluding shylock as a non-believer etc. as others do. Although, while I think she is being fair in giving him mercy, I consider the possibility that if it was Antonio seizing a pound of Shylocks flesh, then Portia would not of tried to stop him. But I cannot be sure of this as there is no evidence supporting this apart from the Christians general hatred towards Jews and more specifically Shylock. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent do you think Shylock deserves the treatment given to him in the trial scene specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent do you think Shylock deserves the treatment given to him in the trial scene specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent do you think Shylock deserves the treatment given to him in the trial scene specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Later on, Shylock is offered to take 9000 ducats, thrice what he wanted, and leave. However, Shylock declines this offer due to it not being paid, according to the tenour, while the date to pay the money back has been passed and therefore Shylock was entitled to the forfeit, it still comes across to me as evil to want to kill Antonio instead of taking substantially more money. This shows that Shylock was being evil and unforgiving, leaving you to think that later on in the scene; the treat he got was deserved. Furthermore, Shylock was asked to Have by some surgeon but Shylock denies Portias request as it is not nominated in the bond. This clearly confirms if it wasnt already that Shylocks aim is to kill Antonio, and in my opinion no one should have the right to kill an innocent man. However, I cant help but think about Shylocks and Antonios history, before the play began. From my point of view, Shylock is reacting in retaliation to Antonio, by the fact hes so determined yet nervous, this means to me that Antonio has done bad things to shylock and is not completely innocent, although again the only evidence I have for this is that Shylock says you spat on me, called me dog. But it also seems Antonio has done something more than that too. Moreover, Shylock is constantly insulted for his religion; whether it be Gratiano calling him a currish Jew or just people constantly referring to him as the Jew, perceiving him as maybe not human and categorising and segregating him because of his religion. Its quite clear that in Shakespeares time, very few people would be aware of their racism, as it is natural in their time. In fact, the only character to make a point of racism is Shylock with the Hath not a Jews eyes speech, however, he is also guilty of it himself, constantly stopping his daughter from seeing a boy or going to a party with one for he is a Christian. However, you cannot know if this is blatant racism or a You hate me, so I hate you situation. Either way Shylock definitely doesnt deserve the racial abuse he gets. Again, in Shakespeares time it would be different with the audience even cheering when anybody insults Shylock or even shouting out racist insults at him themselves. At this point in the play, just before Shylock cuts Antonio, I felt as if Shylock was receiving his justice, even if it is sick and wrong. Antonio had agreed to the bond so in a legal viewpoint, everything was fine, even if it was off quite a bit from a moral Viewpoint. I felt as if Antonio seemed to deserve a punishment for what hes (supposedly) done, but death, I still felt, was too harsh. Portia then says this bond doth give thee here no jot of blood. I feel as if this is incorrect, Antonio knew blood would be drawn and he was ready to die which proves it. However, this was a good solution to the problem, Antonio lives; Shylock can take the money and it would all be over. But again, Shylock does not receive justice due to this, and after the treatment he gets, I think he deserves it. Here, I think Portia is being especially unfair by leading Shylock on, leading him to think he was going to get his revenge but then right at the last second she crushes his spirit. I think she couldve easily laid down this information at the start of the hearing. She is clearly trying to humiliate him in front of everybody, which, in my opinion, is disgusting considering the humiliation he already receives plus what that information alone would do to him to start with! Portia punishes him further when she reveals that since Shylock is an alien trying to seek the life of an innocent, half his goods got to Antonio, and the other half to the Duke. From earlier on in the play, Shylock has shown that money is one of the most important things to him. So on top of clearly, the most important thing to Shylock, his revenge on Antonio, he has also been subject to losing all his money. He is ganged up on by almost every Venetian because he is a Jew. I believe the only reason we dont hear about it being so for different Jews is because of Shylock trying to do something about the abuse and treatment he receives. Shylock is also told he would have to beg for his life, beg mercy of the Duke. However, the Duke instantly says I pardon thee thy life before tough ask it. This is the first real mercy Shylock receives, even if it was out of pity. In my opinion, the Duke is the only important character in the play who truthfully just wants peace between everyone. For example, the Duke basically says what other people want and whats best, but he doesnt insult people like Shylock. I believe Shylock deserves this kind of treatment normally. Fortunately, it seems Antonio follows the Dukes path; quit the fine for one half of his goods. Antonio gives Shylock more pit, be giving him half of his money back but when he dies it passes unto his son Lorenzo. I, at this point, feel sorry for Shylock that all that has happened is that he has lost half his money and it will go to the person who stole his daughter and his ducats. At the same time I felt good that Shylock isnt going to die and its not a punishment that is too big and in fact its mercy from Antonio. But then Antonio says he presently become a Christian. From my point of view, this is the worst treatment Shylock could ever receive. The duke then forces Shylock to agree or he will recant the pardon he gave to Shylock, so he would die. This is another point where I believe everyone has ganged up on Shylock. However, 400 years ago, it wouldve been a great event for Shylock to become a Christian so he can become a good person, because how the Christians saw it, Jews were evil. However, living in the time that I do, I believe that everybody has a right to have their own beliefs. Shylock should not have been forced to become a Christian. Judaism is his life. The way I see it you would have to be extremely ignorant to believe that this was good action taken by Antonio. I believe no matter how evil the Christians viewed Shylock as, this makes Antonio dwarf Shylocks evil. Shylocks final words are I pray you give me leave to go from hence. I am not well. These show how broken Shylock has become from the trial. He has always been a confident person but everything has been taken away from him bit by bit during the play and theres clearly not much left. How I see it ending for Shylock, is for him to end his life on his own terms. At the start of the play, I would have never thought he would do that, he wasnt that kind of person. But after his outer shell and his inner too were broke down, I can see he is very brittle and sad because he is alone. And suicide is what I can see him doing because he thinks if he kills himself, he will have at least be doing it on his own terms, when in fact, its the opposite. In conclusion, I believe Shylock didnt receive the treatment he got. He has been segregated and insulted. He was a normal man trying to make profit, who had been insulted and spat on. He failed in getting his revenge and was humiliated for it. If I wrote this is Shakespeares time, Im sure Id be writing a very different essay with a very different conclusion. Id be supporting Antonio etc. With all the lessons Ive learnt from the past generations, I see Shylock should not be treated differently because of his religion. The outcome of the story would be so different if Antonio was to try and kill Shylock even though really theyre so similar. They both are trying to get business done with a slightly evil side to them. Antonio wouldnt have been treated badly, so Shylock shouldnt have been.

java essays

java essays Java is the substance whose aroma is awakening the Internet community. It is a new programming language developed by Sun Microsystems that has much in common with the beverage that shares its name. It's good, it's hot, and people know it around the world. Java (the programming language) beats the other stuff hands down though, it's free. Many have heard of Java, yet few know what it is, or what it can do. It certainly has the potential to become a part of our everyday lives, existing in our mobile phones, televisions, and Internet browsers. If you are interested in your Java is still in its infancy stage, yet to fulfil its intended purpose. Designed in 1990 as an embedded language for consumer electronics, it was later discovered to be an ideal interface to the Internet. In 1996, Netscape added Java support to its popular Navigator Web browser. The Web began to stir from its static text coma as excited programmers began to incorporate Java applications, "applets", into their An applet is like an application, but it doesn't run stand-alone. An applet must adhere to a set of conventions that allows it to run within a Java-compatible browser. The technology is still evolving, and today, most Java applets are simple animations, or user interactions. The future is brighter, promising full-blown applications over the Internet; imagine using Microsoft Office from your television. For now, though, those who have experienced an applet may be left disappointed. A casual user is unlikely to be impressed with scrolling text, or simple animations, especially if they must pay for them with increased download times. Behind the scenes, unbeknownst to them, truly amazing things are A Java applet begins its life by being "called" by a Web page. To be technologically correct, the applet is embedded in the Web page. The Web ...

Strategic Plan of Wobbly Wheels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 60

Strategic Plan of Wobbly Wheels - Essay Example The aim of this planning process deals with the recognition and comprehension of people, technology and the needs of the customers. This is connected to the customer’s feedbacks which are used to bring new and existing services. The intended agenda of the planning development is to create a vision for technology at Wobbly Wheels Company through the evaluation of feedback from the customers in order to identify new services and make improvements to the existing services (Wallace 23). In addition, the company ought to take an initiative to compare itself with other transporting companies. While the company is connecting itself to transportation industry trends as well as system categories and state level priorities and categories. The company routinely checks and evaluates the priorities of Wobbly Wheels. The strategic feature of the planning method ascertains that technical aspects are planned, chosen, and controlled at a transportation level that is sustainable for people and resources to ensure ongoing delivery of services. For the purpose of coming up with an efficient process of deciding and prioritizing customer’s technology needs, Wobbly Wheels has established an office that concentrates on planning and distributing new technology (Wallace, 32). This office is controlled by the office of technology committee that gives the prioritization and strategies for technology initiatives in the company. Wobbly Wheels Company ought to deploy IT information that will provide tangible measurements that will benefit Wobbly Wheels customers and their employees. Improved network services, enabled software service and modern information security tools are being dispatched. Recent technologies that allow access to information in the company remains to be of high priority (Wallace 45). As explained in this plan Wobbly Wheels company is ready to remain a technologically advanced company through their goals.  

Development of the motorways and its impact on the society Essay

Development of the motorways and its impact on the society - Essay Example otorways were constructed to fit into a maze of road networks that link major parts of Britain by road and aid high speed transportation throughout the country. Roads are important components of the development of any nation. The Romans and Chinese Empires relied on roads, which became the bases for motorways almost two millenia after they were started (Needham & Gwei-Djen, 1962). Roads were really vital for each empire in history. In comparative studies, Needham & Gwei-Djen identified that the Aztec empire of Mexico collapsed rapidly because they did not have a network of roads. However, the longevity of the Chinese Empire and the development of European nations is strongly linked to the development of a sophisticated network of roads. 3. It enabled the trading activities of the empire to go on smoothly because it ensured that goods were moved from different points of the Roman empire with ease. This enabled the exchange of goods and ensured the fair development of different parts of the Roman empire over a sustained period of time. Although the Roman roads are quite archaic, it formed the basis for the development of motorways as we have them today. The roads in the Roman Empire started as primitive unpaved roads however, with the increase of traffic on certain roads, there was the need for the infrastructure to be improved to enable the easy movement of persons and goods (Van Tilburg, 2002). This gave way for the development of the paved road-system which is replicated in the construction of motorways (Van Tilburg, 2002). The paved road-system effectively increased the width of roads, supported the integration of engineering constructions like bridges, dams and tunnels into roads and laid the foundation for the development of infrastructure in the Middle Ages (Van Tilburg, 2002). These roads were used by individuals and animal-drawn carts. When cars became popular in the 1900s, there was the need to modify the old road systems to ensure that they could be

The social problem of domestic violence

The social problem of domestic violence Domestic violence is the biggest social problem facing America today. It is among the most devastating experiences that adversely affect women and children in the US. Children who witness or experience, DV may become future abusers or victims themselves if society doesnt get involved. The federal government needs to step in and assume responsibility in stemming the tide of domestic violence. Preventing abuse is more cost-effective than paying for the consequences of abuse. The widespread occurrence of such violence takes an immense toll on the lives of the victims in addition to most of society, because of numerous behavioral, health, psychological, and economic consequences. Why women bear domestic violence? Following are some justifications given by women to remain victim of domestic violence for the rest of the life: Helplessness A lot of women who are a victim of domestic violence are financially dependent on their abusers. There are numerous reasons for this; an abuser will often try to isolate the victim from anybody or anything that might offer support either emotionally or economically. This allows the abuser to have power over his victim, without interference from those who might give aid to the victim. This isolation causes the victim to become dependent on her abuser, and it insures that she will have nowhere to go. Even when a victim has the wish to escape the violence, the fundamental requirements of food, shelter, and clothing for her children usually surpass her need for security. To leave a domestic violence relationship, a woman needs a place to live, a source of income, childcare and transportation. Most victims are denied access to these things in a vicious relationship, leaving her escape resources insolvent. The trickiest issue a victim must beat in order to get away is her fear of her abusers threats to kill her. Alas, this fear is not always baseless. Abusive men often shoot up violence after a victim flees to security and time and again he brings back his victim and her children. Indeed, as many as 75% of visits to medical emergency rooms by battered women occur after they have separated from the aggressive partner. The Forms of Abuse Physical Abuse includes hitting, shoving, choking, biting, kicking, slapping, punching, pulling hair, burning, bruising, twisting, preventing access to an exit, or using a weapon to bully and/or intimidate. Emotional Abuse is the hardest for women to remain alive her self identify. Emotional abuse is the systematic degrading of the victims self-esteem. This may be accomplished by withholding of love, intimidation, mocking; cruelty to pets, using put-downs, giving the details of relationships, refusing to talk, showing jealousy, refusing to allow a partner to have/make friends, taking anger out on the children and pets, not allowing the victim financial access or convincing the victim that she (the victim) is crazy. Sexual Abuse can include forcing sex against a partners will, forbidding birth control, physically hurting partner during sex, oral abuse including humiliating sexual comments, forcing unwanted sexual practices on partner, hiding a sexually transmitted disease from partner, and forced sex with objects. Economic Abuse is accomplished by preventing the victim from working outside the home, not permitting the victim to make any economic decisions, having to justify all expenditure, baseless blaming for monetary troubles, withholding of financial information, and withholding access to finances. Characteristics of an Abuser *The majority of abusers are emotionally deprived. *Abusers want to feel in control; they use aggression as a means to control their partner. *Abusers are likely to behave normally toward other family members, friends and work acquaintances. *They are generally very unconfident and insecure. Overwhelming their victim gives them a sense of power. *Abusers are habitually very critical of their partner. *They can be exceedingly jealous. *Abusers often reject blame for their actions and can even deny that any abuse ever happened. *They reduce the abuse and blame their partners for their violent behavior. The Sequence Of Abuse 1. Tension Building Minor incidents occur and tension begins to build. The victim generally tries to control the situation by apologizing, making promises and accepting blame. The victim will generally seek to smooth things over and solve the problem in order to reduce the aggression. 2. Attack Tension rises until there is verbal abuse that will often lead to physical aggression. Victims often play down or reject the brutality of their injuries to pacify their perpetrators with the hope of preventing more violence. Pleading from the victim during this phase usually only serves to increase the violence. 3. Apologies and pardon The abuser acts sorry and seems confused by his actions; generally the abuser starts to cry. The abuser promises to never do it again. The victim focuses on how loving her abuser can be. In relationships that do not have the apology stage the victim is likely to leave their abuser sooner and is less likely to return to the relationship. Records show that there is a direct link between the apology stage and a victims willingness to stay in the relationship. Occurrence of Domestic Violence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Estimates range from 960,000 incidents of violence against a current or former spouse, boyfriend, or girlfriend per year to three million women who are physically abused by their husband or boyfriend per year. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Nearly one-third of American women (31 percent) report being physically or sexually abused by a husband or boyfriend at some point in their lives, according to a 1998 Commonwealth Fund survey. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Thirty percent of Americans say they know a woman who has been physically abused by her husband or boyfriend in the past year. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Intimate partner violence is primarily a crime against women. In 1999, women accounted for 85 percent of the victims of intimate partner violence (671,110 total) and men accounted for 15 percent of the victims (120,100 total). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The most rapid growth in domestic relations caseloads is occurring in domestic violence filings. Between 1993 and 1995, 18 of 32 states with three-year filing figures reported an increase of 20 percent or more. Conclusion It is clear from the facts collected that the solution to averting domestic violence is in education. It is particularly essential; to teach young people that violence is not an acceptable answer to any problem. We must bring domestic violence to the forefront of our society and not allow it to be a forbidden issue. We must definitely strengthen the value of each person in our society. To help those already involved in violent relationships there must be more spotlights on the self-worth issues of the victim. Once a victim has confidence she is more likely to leave a violent relationship. Economic programs must be prepared in a community in order to take away an abusers second biggest weapon- financial control. There is an enormous requirement for more safe-houses in America. Domestic Violence Shelters provide a safe shelter for women and children to escape the violence. Lastly we must teach our school children about domestic violence. They must be taught from an early age that violence is never allowable and give them the tools needed to identify domestic violence and how to get help if required. It is understandable from all information that violence itself cannot be the subject of mediation and that mediation is not a substitute for counseling, education, and legal sanctions. This led to the clearest guideline, that no criminal cases involving domestic violence should be referred to mediation. The violent act or acts must be dealt with through the actual court procedure in order to highlight the gravity of the act and the fact that domestic violence, where proved, is indeed against the law.

Persepolis Essays -- Marjane Satrapi

Persepolis Amazing, intriguing, and unimaginable are just a few words to describe how I felt about Persepolis while I read this true life story of Marjane Satrapi. This book has helped me to see all the life struggles, good times, and adversities that Marji faced between the ages of nine to thirteen. The Islamic Revolution had such a daunting effect in the Middle East, especially in the county of Iran where Marji and her family resided. In the year of 1979 all that Marjane knew what it was like to not have to be forced into wearing a veil. Before the Islamic Revolution she was able to attend a a French Non-Religious school where girls and boys were allowed to study and play together. Unfortunately her world of carefree ness ended once the Islamic government decided to change their ways and force others to conform to their religious beliefs of what is right and wrong. Marjanne was raised by two very independent and brilliant parents who were upper middle class people. Her parents tried to raise her to believe that she could be anything that she wanted to be as long as she put her mind to it. Mr. Satrapi would give Marji books on communism and by Marz, because her father was a Marxist. Once the Islamic revolution took over Iran Marji had to wear the veil and was not allowed to go to school with her male friends because it is not of Islam for children of different sexes to be educated in a unisex school environment. Marjane's mother Mrs. Satrapi was a protester and her and her husband believed in protesting for things that they did not believe in. Protesting was seen as demonstrations that meant bad to all who participated in them. Well Mrs. Satrapi, was photographed by a German photographer in the act of protesting one day... ...had a law that if a virgin woman was against the Islamic Revolution she would be married first to her enemy and she would be de-virginized and then killed. I found this really appalling not only were these girls about to be killed because they had different opinions, but first their innocence would be taken from them. I really enjoyed this book and it made me sympathize with the good people in the Middle East. It was nice to see how Marjane Satrapi grew up and try to learn how difficult life was for her and her people. This book made me really grateful for all that I have been blessed with through God. This novel taught me a lot about Iranian history and how the whole Islamic Revolution began. This novel was so good that I am in the process of going to buy the follow-up to her novel. Bibliography: Satrapi, Marjane. Persepolis. Paris: Pantheon Books, 2003. Persepolis Essays -- Marjane Satrapi Persepolis Amazing, intriguing, and unimaginable are just a few words to describe how I felt about Persepolis while I read this true life story of Marjane Satrapi. This book has helped me to see all the life struggles, good times, and adversities that Marji faced between the ages of nine to thirteen. The Islamic Revolution had such a daunting effect in the Middle East, especially in the county of Iran where Marji and her family resided. In the year of 1979 all that Marjane knew what it was like to not have to be forced into wearing a veil. Before the Islamic Revolution she was able to attend a a French Non-Religious school where girls and boys were allowed to study and play together. Unfortunately her world of carefree ness ended once the Islamic government decided to change their ways and force others to conform to their religious beliefs of what is right and wrong. Marjanne was raised by two very independent and brilliant parents who were upper middle class people. Her parents tried to raise her to believe that she could be anything that she wanted to be as long as she put her mind to it. Mr. Satrapi would give Marji books on communism and by Marz, because her father was a Marxist. Once the Islamic revolution took over Iran Marji had to wear the veil and was not allowed to go to school with her male friends because it is not of Islam for children of different sexes to be educated in a unisex school environment. Marjane's mother Mrs. Satrapi was a protester and her and her husband believed in protesting for things that they did not believe in. Protesting was seen as demonstrations that meant bad to all who participated in them. Well Mrs. Satrapi, was photographed by a German photographer in the act of protesting one day... ...had a law that if a virgin woman was against the Islamic Revolution she would be married first to her enemy and she would be de-virginized and then killed. I found this really appalling not only were these girls about to be killed because they had different opinions, but first their innocence would be taken from them. I really enjoyed this book and it made me sympathize with the good people in the Middle East. It was nice to see how Marjane Satrapi grew up and try to learn how difficult life was for her and her people. This book made me really grateful for all that I have been blessed with through God. This novel taught me a lot about Iranian history and how the whole Islamic Revolution began. This novel was so good that I am in the process of going to buy the follow-up to her novel. Bibliography: Satrapi, Marjane. Persepolis. Paris: Pantheon Books, 2003.

American Parties Essay

The Republican secession affected the vote in some of the Western States but the Democratic â€Å"bolt† was more significant. It took two forms: one, the nomination of separate candidates for President and Vice President known as gold Democrats, and the other votes given directly to McKinley as the surest means of beating Bryan. There is no question that business was much depressed publicans had hoped to charge this condition to the Democratic administration and to the Tariff bill of 1894, and therefore McKinley, who represented protection more than any other man in the country, was the logical candidate. He was the â€Å"advance agent of prosperity† and promised the â€Å"full dinner pail†; prosperity was to be secured by a return to the protective tariff of the Republican party. A few Gold Democrats made a vigorous campaign, especially in the border states where the vote was likely to be close, but in general the party suffered from the closeness of the contest. A rumor on election eve that labor was swinging heavily to Bryan led many thousands of Democrats to shift their votes from Palmer to McKinley. Cleveland advised Gold Democrats to support Republican electors in doubtful states; and Palmer declared publicly that he did not consider it â€Å"any very great fault† if his hearers voted for McKinley. The result was a pitiful 131,000 votes for Palmer, less than 1 per cent of the total and 10,000 fewer than the Prohibition party polled. Even so, many Gold Democrats were well satisfied. Atkinson claimed it as an acknowledged fact that McKinley had been elected by the Gold Democrats. Wheeler insisted that they had polled enough votes in Indiana, Kentucky, and Maryland to give those states and a majority in the electoral college to McKinley, though others have doubted whether this was true in any state but Kentucky. Certainly a nucleus of â€Å"true† Democracy had been preserved for 1900. Leaders like Atkinson were sanguine. â€Å"Heretofore,† he wrote, â€Å"both the old political parties have truckled to the ilver states; hereafter, the National Democratic party will, like the old Free Soil party, hold the balance of power, and although small in number, they will in a forceful manner control events. † In the campaign of 1884, the Republicans again vigorously advocated the doctrine of Protection, protesting against indiscriminate horizontal reduction, but pledging themselves to correct the irregularities of the Tariff and reduce the surplus â€Å"without injuring the laborer or the great productive interests of the country. † The Democrats carefully avoided their blunder of 1880, when they flatly favored a tariff for revenue only. They devoted a long paragraph to the customary abuse of the opposing party and then explained that they meant to reduce taxation so that it â€Å"shall not exceed the needs of the Government economically administered,† and that this â€Å"can and must be effected without depriving American labor of the ability to compete successfully with foreign labor. † McKinley carried the New England States, New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania by large majorities. The Middle Western States gave him their electoral votes. He invaded the solid South, carrying Delaware, Kentucky, West Virginia and Maryland, Maryland by an imposing plurality. Bryan carried Kansas and Nebraska, all the mining States except California, and also Washington, while Oregon voted for McKinley. North Dakota did likewise, while South Dakota gave her electoral vote to Bryan by a small plurality. Ohio, the State of McKinley and Hanna, was a disappointment to the Republicans. While they never regarded seriously the boasts of the Bryanites that they would carry the State, yet her plurality, being less than that of Michigan and about one third that of Illinois, showed that Ohio was somewhat uncertain. For, in the August forecast, Michigan was set down as very doubtful and, while Illinois was considered less doubtful, she was not regarded, like Ohio, as safe beyond peradventure for McKinley. Bibliography Binning, William C. 1999. Encyclopedia of American Parties, Campaigns and Elections. Greenwood Press: Westport, CT. Boller, Paul. 1984. Presidential Campaigns. New York: Oxford University Press. Felt, Thomas E. 1960. â€Å"The Rise of Mark Hanna†, Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation, Michigan State University. Kelly, Patrick J. 2003. The Election of 1896 and the Restructuring of Civil War Memory. Civil War History 49 (3).

A Doctor of Philosophy or Doctorate

More than 54,000 students earned doctoral degrees in 2016, the latest year for which figures are available, a 30 percent increase since 2000, according to the  National Science Foundation.  A Ph.D., also called a doctorate, is a Doctor of Philosophy degree, which is a misleading moniker because most Ph.D. holders are not philosophers. The term for this increasingly popular degree derives from the original meaning of the word  philosophy, which comes from  the ancient Greek word  philosophia, meaning love of wisdom. What Is a Ph.D.? In that sense, the term Ph.D. is accurate, because the degree has historically been a license to teach, but it also signifies that the holder is an authority, in full command of (a given) subject right up to the boundaries of current knowledge, and able to extend them, says  FindAPhD, an online Ph.D. database. Earning a Ph.D. requires a hefty financial and time commitment—$35,000 to $60,000  and two to eight years—as well as research, creating a thesis or dissertation, and possibly some teaching duties. Deciding to pursue a Ph.D. can represent a major life choice. Doctoral candidates require additional schooling after completing a masters program to earn their Ph.D.: They must complete additional coursework, pass comprehensive  exams, and complete an independent dissertation in their field. Once completed, though, a doctoral degree—often called a terminal degree—can open doors for the Ph.D.holder, especially in academia but also in business. Core Courses and Electives To obtain a Ph.D., you need to take a group of core courses as well as electives, totaling about 60 to 62 hours, which are roughly the equivalent of units at the bachelors degree level. For example,  Washington State University  offers a  Ph.D. in crop science. Core courses, which make up about 18 hours, include such subjects as introduction to population genetics, plant transmission genetics, and plant breeding. Additionally, the student must make up the remaining required hours through electives. The  Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  offers a doctoral degree in  Biological Sciences in Public Health. After core courses such as  laboratory rotations, biological sciences seminars, and core  principles of biostatistics and epidemiology, the Ph.D. candidate is required to take electives in related fields such as  advanced respiratory physiology,  advanced respiratory physiology, and  ecological and epidemiological control of parasitic diseases. Degree-granting institutions across the board want to ensure that those who earn Ph.D.s have broad knowledge in their chosen field. Thesis or Dissertation and Research A Ph.D. also requires students to complete a large scholarly project known as a  dissertation, a research report—usually 60-plus pages—which signifies that they are able to make significant independent contributions to their chosen field of study. Students take on the project, also known as a  doctoral thesis, after completing the core and elective coursework and passing a  comprehensive  examination. Through the dissertation, the student is expected to make a new and creative contribution to a field of study and to demonstrate her expertise. According to the  Association of American Medical Colleges, for example, a strong medical dissertation relies heavily on the creation of a specific hypothesis that can be either disproved or supported by data collected through independent student research. Further, it must also contain several key elements starting with an introduction to the problem statement, conceptual framework, and research question as well as references to literature already published on the topic. Students must show that the  dissertation  is relevant, provides new insight into the chosen field, and is a topic that they can research independently. Financial Aid and Teaching There are several ways to pay for a doctoral degree: scholarships, grants, fellowships, and government loans, as well as teaching.  GoGrad, a graduate school information website, provides such examples as the: Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) Scholarship for Service Program, which provides  full tuition and an annual stipend of  $25,000 to $38,000.National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship,  a three-year graduate fellowship that is designed to support doctoral students across 15 engineering disciplinesNational Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program, a three-year program that provides an annual stipend of $34,000 and a $12,000 cost-of-education allowance for tuition and fees As it does for bachelors and masters degrees, the federal government also offers several  loan programs  to help students finance their Ph.D. studies. You generally apply for these loans by filling out the free application for federal student aid (FAFSA). Students planning to go into teaching after obtaining their doctoral degrees often also supplement their income by teaching undergraduate classes at the schools where they are studying. The University of California, Riverside, for example, offers a  teaching award—essentially a stipend applied toward tuition costs—for Ph.D. candidates in English who teach undergraduate, beginning-level, English courses Jobs and Opportunities for Ph.D. Holders Education accounts for a large  percentage doctoral awards, with elementary education, curriculum and instruction, educational leadership and administration, special education, and counselor  education/ school counseling topping the list. Most universities in the United States require a Ph.D. for candidates who seek teaching positions, regardless of the department. Many Ph.D. candidates seek the degree, however, to boost their current salaries. For example, a health, sports,  and fitness educator at a community college would realize a bump in annual pay for obtaining a Ph.D. The same holds for educational administrators. Most such positions require only a masters degree, but obtaining a Ph.D. generally leads to an  annual stipend that school districts add to the annual salary. That same health and fitness instructor at a community college could also move on from a teaching position and become a dean at a community college—a position that requires a Ph.D.—boosting his pay to  $120,000 to $160,000  a year or more. So, the opportunities for a doctoral degree holder are wide and varied, but the cost and commitment required are significant. Most experts say you should know your future career plans before you make the commitment. If you know what you want to get out of the degree, then the years of required study and sleepless nights may well be worth the investment.